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1215 - Magna Carta
“If we, our chief justice, our officials,
or any of our servants offend in any respect against any man, or
transgress any of the articlesof the peace or of this security,
and the offence is made known to four of the said twenty-five
barons, they shall come to us - or in our absence from the
kingdom to the chief justice - to declare it and claim immediate
redress.
If we, or in our absence abroad the chief justice, make
no
redress within forty days, reckoning from the day on
which the offence was declared to us or to him, the four barons
shall refer the matter to therest of the twenty-five barons,
who
may distrain upon and assail us
in every way possible, with the support of the whole
communityof the land,
by
seizing our castles, lands, possessions, or anything else
saving only our own person and those of the queen and our
children,
until they have secured such redress as they have
determined upon.
Having secured the redress, they may then resume their normal
obedience to us.”
Section 61, Magna Carta
(1215 |
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1774 - Continental Congress:
"If money is wanted by Rulers
who have in any manner
oppressed the People,
they may retain it
until their grievances are redressed,
and thus peaceably procure relief,
without trusting to despised petitions
or disturbing the public tranquility."
Journals
of the Continental Congress, 1:105-113
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1775 -- Thomas Jefferson:
“The privilege of giving
or withholding our money
is an important barrier against
the undue exertion of prerogative
which if left altogether without
control may be exercised
to our great oppression; and
all history shows how efficacious
its intercession for
redress of
grievances
and establishment
of rights, and how improvident
would be the surrender
of so powerful a mediator."
Thomas Jefferson: Reply
to Lord North,
1775. Papers 1:225 |
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1776 - Declaration
of Independence
“In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for
Redress in the most humble terms:
Our
repeated
Petitions have been answered only by repeated
injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked
by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit
to be the ruler of a free people.”
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1791 - First Amendment:
“Congress shall make no
law
respecting the establishment
of religion, or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof;
or abridging the freedom
of speech, or of the press;
or the Right of the People
peaceably to assemble,
and
to
Petition the government
for a redress of grievances.” |